【单选题】
细胞内液中主要的阳离子为___
A. K
B. Na
C. Ca
D. Mg
E. Fe
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A
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患者女性，60岁。因胆石症急性发作，呕吐多次，不能进食。目前该患者生命体征平稳，尚无明显缺水征象。比较确切的护理诊断___
A. 体液不足
B. 组织灌注量改变
C. 有体液不足的危险
D. 焦虑
E. 心排血量减少
【单选题】
关于补钾下列哪项是错误的___
A. 浓度不超过0.3%
B. 总量不超过8g/d
C. 紧急情况下可少量静脉注射10%氯化钾
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【单选题】
患者男性，腹痛.呕吐，肛门停止排气.排便，以急性肠梗阻入院2天。入院后行胃肠减压，患者口渴.皮肤干燥.尿量减少。下列哪一项护理诊断比较合适___
A. 体液不足
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D. 营养失调一低于机体需要量
E. 有受伤的危险
【单选题】
关于缺水的叙述，下列不正确的是___
A. 等渗性缺水，细胞内液无明显改变
B. 低渗性缺水无明显口渴
C. 高渗性缺水常有尿少.比重高
D. 高渗性缺水比低渗性缺水更易发生血容量减少
E. 3种脱水都有血液浓缩现象
【单选题】
高钾血症引起心律失常时，采取的急救措施是___
A. 10%右旋糖酐500ml，静脉滴注
B. 0.9%氯化钠溶液20ml，静脉注射
C. 5%碳酸氢钠溶液60ml，静脉注射
D. 50%葡萄糖溶液60ml，静脉注射
E. 10%葡萄糖酸钙20ml，静脉注射
【单选题】
患者男性，体重50kg。因食道癌进水不足，现口渴明显.唇干.皮肤弹性差.眼窝凹陷。当天需补充大约多少液体___
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B. 2000ml
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D. 3000ml
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维持体液平衡，保持内环境稳定，机体主要通过下面哪个系统或器官___
A. 神经系统
B. 内分泌系统
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D. 肾
E. 肾素-醛固硐系统
【单选题】
有关体液过多患者的护理，下列不正确的是___
A. 给予呋噻米20mg静脉注射
B. 按医嘱给予高渗液以排出过多的水分
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E. 轻者不必限制水的入量
【单选题】
患者女性，39岁，腹痛.腹泻伴频繁呕吐2天。体检：脉搏120次/分.呼吸30次/分.血压12/8kPa，呼吸深快，似可闻及烂苹果气味。最好应进行下列哪一种检查___
A. 血清钙测定
B. 血清钾测定
C. 血气分析
D. 血清钠测定
E. 血C0,CP测定
【单选题】
进行液体疗法时，如果首日计划输液总量为4000ml，第一个8小时的输液量是___
A. 500ml
B. 1000ml
C. 1500ml
D. 2000ml
E. 2500ml
【单选题】
关于水与钠代谢紊乱的叙述，下列错误的是___
A. 出汗浸湿一身衬衣裤，丢失的水分约1000ml
B. 气管切开术后，每天经呼吸道多丢失水分约1000ml
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D. 成年女性体液总量占体重的55%
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【单选题】
高热患者，口渴.口唇干燥.眼窝凹陷.皮肤弹性差，尿量减少。心率90次/分，血压16/11kPa，应先给予下列哪一种液体___
A. 10%葡萄糖溶液
B. 5%葡萄糖溶液
C. 生理盐水
D. 平衡盐溶液
E. 右旋糖酐溶液
【单选题】
关于钙的叙述，下列不正确的是___
A. 体内的钙99%存在于骨骼中
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D. 维生素D促进肠道对钙的吸收
E. 甲状旁腺素分泌增加，血钙升高
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关于K_TagUpStart_+_TagUpEnd_的功能，下列正确的是___
A. 低血钾使心肌应激性升高
B. 维持细胞外液的渗透压
C. 维持细胞内液的酸碱平衡
D. 分解代谢增强时，K_TagUpStart_+_TagUpEnd_进入细胞
E. 钾浓度过高增强神经肌肉的兴奋性
【单选题】
关于体液平衡失调的叙述，下列错误的是___
A. 成年男性体液总量占体重的60%
B. 细胞内液大部分在骨骼肌内，占体重的40%
C. 组织间液和血浆称细胞外液，占体重的20%
D. 位于体腔内的液体称为第三间隙，属于功能性细胞外液
E. 体液的主要成分是水和电解质
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D. using an
E. SXCLI command
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