【简答题】
In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.
查看试卷，进入试卷练习
微信扫一扫，开始刷题
答案
1941年，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。希特勒希望速战速决，但是，就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，他得到的是痛苦的教训。仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。
解析
暂无解析
相关试题
【简答题】
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
【简答题】
Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
【简答题】
In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter?
【简答题】
Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
【简答题】
Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
【简答题】
Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
【简答题】
The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
【简答题】
As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
【简答题】
Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east of Hitler's German empire was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use the blitzkrieg, or "lightning war," tactics that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had three broad thrusts: against Leningrad and Moscow and through the Ukraine.
【简答题】
Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
【简答题】
In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad dragged on into winter, the city's situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941-1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.
【简答题】
In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of the Germans' lightning attack.
【简答题】
As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
【简答题】
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new offensives. In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
【简答题】
In November 1942, the Russians launched a counterattack. With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
【简答题】
During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army broke the three-year siege of Leningrad with a surprise attack on January 15, 1944. Within two weeks, the heroic survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By March 1944, the Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for Berlin.
【简答题】
For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
【简答题】
The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the severity of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender.
【单选题】
病媒生物的死体样本运送，如果4h-24h内能到达实验室的，应将样品置于-30℃冷冻后再送样，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在________。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
对于用作虫媒病毒分离或检测的蚊类标本，现场采集后应采用_______方式处置和运送。___
A. 杀虫剂熏杀+常温运输
B. 等蚊虫自然死亡+常温运输
C. 冷冻处死+常温运输
D. 冷冻处死+冷冻状态运输
【单选题】
截获输入性活鼠或来自鼠疫流行区死鼠及经总署专家组确认和复核属于全国口岸首次截获的病媒生物应在______报告总署。___
A. 2小时之内
B. 8小时之内
C. 12小时之内
D. 24小时之内
【单选题】
入境船舶的蚊类和蝇类等双翅目病媒生物监测调查应白天在检疫锚地停泊期间进行，锚位距陆地距离不少于______，或在船舶靠泊后_____内进行。___
A. 1000 m；1h
B. 800 m、2 h
C. 400 m、4 h
D. 100 m、24 h
【单选题】
在国境口岸或者交通工具上发现______有反常死亡或者死因不明的，国境口岸有关单位或者交通工具的负责人，必须立即向卫生检疫机关报告，迅速查明原因，实施卫生处理。___
A. 蚊类
B. 鼠类
C. 蝇类
D. 蜚蠊
推荐试题
【多选题】
下列关于质物、质押权利合法性的说法，正确的有___。
A. 所有权、使用权不明或有争议的动产，法律规定禁止流通的动产不得作为质物
B. 凡出质人以权利凭证出质的，必须对出质人提交的权利凭证的真实性、合法性和有效性进行确认
C. 凡发现质押权利凭证有伪造、变造迹象的，应重新确认
D. 以海关监管期内的动产作质押的，需由负责监管的海关出具同意质押的证明文件
E. 非流通股可设定质押
【多选题】
下列财产中不得抵押的有___。
A. 土地所有权
B. 抵押人所有的房屋和其他地上定着物
C. 耕地、宅基地、自留地、自留山
D. 学校、幼儿园、医院的教育设施、医疗卫生设施
E. 抵押人依法承包并经发包方同意抵押的荒山、荒沟、荒滩等荒地
【多选题】
根据我国《担保法》对保证人资格的明确规定，以下说法中，正确的有___
A. 《担保法》规定企业法人的分支机构或职能部门在任何情况下都不能做保证人
B. 《担保法》规定医院、学校等以公共利益为目的的事业单位、社会团体不得作保证人
C. 《担保法》规定企业法人的分支机构或职能部门不能做保证人，企业法人的分支机构有该法人书面授权的，可以在授权范围内提供保证
D. 《担保法》规定政府及其所属部门不得为他人提供担保
E. 金融机构具有较强代为清偿能力的，可以接受为保证人
【多选题】
根据我国《担保法》的规定，保证人___
A. 必须具有民事行为能力
B. 必须具有代为履行主债务的资力
C. 不得为医院、学校等以公共利益为目的的事业单位
D. 不可以为自然人
E. 不得为企业法人的职能部门
【多选题】
对于企业管理水平的分析，主要包括___。
A. 管理人员的业务素质
B. 机构的设置及合理性
C. 经营管理方面的主要业绩
D. 企业的劳动力结构和层次
E. 已实施投资项目的管理情况
【多选题】
贷款质押是物的担保的一种重要形式，一般商业银行不可接受的财产质押包括___
A. 依法可以转让的基金份额、股权
B. 汇票、支票、本票、债券
C. 珠宝、首饰
D. 租用的财产
E. 字画、文物
【多选题】
贷款期限的审定要点有___。
A. 贷款期限应与借款人资产转换周期相匹配
B. 贷款期限应符合相应授信品种有关期限的规定
C. 贷款期限一般应控制在借款人相应经营的有效期限内
D. 贷款期限应与借款人的风险状况及风险控制要求相匹配
E. 贷款期限应与其他特定还款来源的到账时间相匹配
【多选题】
在满足借款合同用款前提条件的情况下，无正当理由或借款人没有违约，___。
A. 银行必须按借款合同的约定按时发放贷款
B. 银行不按时发放贷款是违约行为
C. 银行不按时发放贷款，自身不会遭受任何损失
D. 银行不按时发放贷款，可能影响借款人的生产经营计划
E. 银行不按时发放贷款，可能影响贷款的正常收回
【多选题】
银行可以对借款人采取终止提款措施的情况包括___。
A. 挪用贷款
B. 未按合同规定清偿贷款本息
C. 违反国家政策法规，使用贷款进行非法经营
D. 其他影响企业偿债能力的违约情况
E. 用于临时周转的款项
【多选题】
商业银行在坚持“区别对待，择优扶植”的原则时，要做到___。
A. 贷款的发放和使用应当符合相关的法律法规
B. 贷款的投向应当突出重点
C. 根据企业的经营管理和经济效益选择贷款对象
D. 严格区分企业的优劣
E. 接程序办理贷款
【多选题】
挪用贷款的情况一般包括___。
A. 用贷款进行股本权益性投资
B. 用贷款进行有价证券、期货等投机经营
C. 未依法取得经营房地产资格的借款人使用贷款经营房地产业务
D. 套取贷款，相互借贷以获取非法收人
E. 借款企业挪用流动资金进行基本建设或用于财政性开支或用于弥补企业亏损
【多选题】
加强合同管理的实施要点有___。
A. 修订和完善贷款合同等协议文件
B. 建立完善有效的贷款合同管理制度
C. 加强贷款合同规范性审查管理
D. 实施履行监督、归档、检查等管理措施
E. 做好有关配套和支持工作
【多选题】
贷款人出现任何违约事件，银行有权分别或同时采取下列哪些措施?___
A. 要求借款人限期纠正违约事件
B. 停止借款人提款或取消借款人尚未提用的借款额度
C. 宣布贷款合同项下的借款本息全部立即到期，根据合同约定立即从借款人在银行开立的存款账户中扣款用于偿还被银行宣布提前到期的所欠全部债务
D. 宣布借款人在与银行签订的其他贷款合同项下的借款本息立即到期，要求借款人立即偿还贷款本息及费用
E. 向人民法院提起诉讼
【多选题】
在抵押期间，银行经办人员对抵押物检查时应___。
A. 定期检查抵押物的存续状况、占有、使用、转让、出租等处置行为
B. 发现抵押物价值非正常减少，应及时查明原因并采取有效措施
C. 如发现抵押人的行为将造成抵押物价值减少，应要求抵押人停止担保
D. 如抵押人行为已造成抵押物价值减少，应要求抵押人恢复抵押物的价值
E. 如抵押人无法完全恢复抵押物的价值，应要求抵押人停止担保
【多选题】
同一财产向两个以上债权人抵押的，拍卖、变卖抵押财产所得的价款按照规定清偿。下列说法正确的是___。
A. 登记顺序不同的，按照债权比例清偿
B. 抵押权已登记的先于未登记的受偿
C. 抵押权已登记的，按照登记的先后顺序清偿
D. 登记顺序相同的，按照债权比例清偿
E. 抵押权未登记的，按照债权比例清偿
【多选题】
根据《商业银行授信工作尽职指引》，影响客户资信的重大事项包括___。
A. 外部政策变动
B. 客户组织结构、股权或主要领导人发生变动
C. 客户的担保超过所设定的担保警戒线
D. 客户财务收支能力发生重大变化
E. 客户涉及重大诉讼
【多选题】
以下属于可疑类贷款的特征有___。
A. 借款人处于停产、半停产状态
B. 固定资产贷款项目处于停缓状态
C. 银行已诉诸法律来回收贷款
D. 贷款经过了重组仍然逾期，或仍然不能正常归还本息，还款状况没有得到明显改善
E. 借款人已彻底停止经营活动
【多选题】
以下属于次级类贷款的特征有___。
A. 借款人不能偿还对其他债权人的债务
B. 借款人采取隐瞒事实等不正当手段套取贷款
C. 借款人内部管理问题未解决，妨碍债务的及时足额清偿
D. 借款人支付出现困难，并且难以按市场条件获得新的资金
E. 固定资产贷款项目停止时间很长，复工无望
【多选题】
下列关于基本信贷分析的说法，正确的有___。
A. 需分析目前的还款来源，进而分析可用于偿还贷款的还款来源风险
B. 不需关注贷款的目的
C. 要对贷款使用过程中的周期性分析
D. 贷款期限的确定要符合资本循环的转换
E. 还款记录对贷款分类的确定有特殊的作用
【多选题】
下列关于还款能力分析的说法中正确的是___。
A. 评估借款人偿还能力的一个重要的方式就是对借款人进行财务分析，借款人的偿债能力与其盈利能力、营运能力、资本结构和现金净流量等密切相关
B. 贷款风险分类最核心的内容就是款项是否充足
C. 现金流量是偿还贷款的主要还款来源，还款能力的主要标志就是借款人的现金流量是否充足
D. 通过财务报表和数据的分析与预测，可以考察借款人过去和现在的收入水平、资产状况及其构成、所有者权益状况及其构成、偿债能力等
E. 分析借款人现金流量是否充足，其主要目的是分析借款人经营活动产生的现金流量是否足以偿还贷款本息
【多选题】
下列关于贷款损失准备金计提原则的说法中，正确的是___。
A. 审慎会计原则的核心内容是对利润的估计和记载要谨慎或保守，对损失的估价和记载要充分，同时要保持充足的准备金以弥补损失
B. 审慎会计原则是指对具有估计性的会计事项，应当谨慎从事，应当合理预计可能发生的损失和费用，不预计或少预计可能带来的利润
C. 按照审慎会计原则，对估计损失的记载应选择就高不就低，对利润的记载和反映要选择就低而不就高
D. 贷款损失准备金的计提应当符合审慎会计原则的要求
E. 充足性原则是指商业银行应当随时保持足够弥补贷款内在损失的准备金
【多选题】
通过贷款分类应达到以下___目标。
A. 揭示贷款的实际价值和风险程度，真实、全面、动态地反映贷款质量
B. 及时发现信贷管理过程中存在的问题，加强贷款管理
C. 为判断贷款损失准备金是否充足提供依据
D. 变化调整分类结果
E. 适度调整分类等级
【多选题】
根据《贷款通则》有关贷款期限的规定，以下表述正确的是___。
A. 自营贷款期限最长一般不得超过10年
B. 票据贴现的贴现期限最长不得超过6个月
C. 中期贷款展期期限累计不得超过原贷款期限的一半
D. 长期贷款展期期限累计不得超过5年
【多选题】
委托代理的授权委托书授权不明的，下列说法不正确的是___。
A. 代理人对第三人承担民事责任，被代理人不负责任
B. 被代理人对第三人承担民事责任，代理人不负责任
C. 被代理人对第三人承担民事责任，代理人负连带责任
D. 代理人对第三人承担民事责任，被代理人负连带责任
