【单选题】
关于肥大,下列描述中哪项不正确
A. 肥大可伴化生
B. 妊娠子宫增大为肥大伴增生
C. 组织和器官的肥大其功能增强
D. 心脏肥大是由于细胞增生引起的
E. 肥大器官超过其代偿能力常导致失代偿
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答案
D
解析
暂无解析
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【单选题】
液化性坏死主要发生于:
A. 肺
B. 肾
C. 脑
D. 心
E. 肝
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细胞缺氧时最常见的病理变化是
A. 线粒体肿胀
B. 内质网破裂
C. 核糖体脱落
D. 脂褐素增多
E. 溶酶体增多
【单选题】
恶性肿瘤晚期患者,常引起
A. 全身性萎缩
B. 局部性萎缩
C. 废用性萎缩
D. 内分泌性萎缩
E. 压迫性萎缩
【单选题】
组织中沉积的钙盐在HE染色时,下列哪项描述是正确的
A. 红色颗粒状
B. 黑褐色颗粒状
C. 蓝色粗颗粒状
D. 粉红色颗粒状
E. 黄褐色颗粒状
【单选题】
光镜下判断细胞是否坏死,主要观察
A. 染色质形态的改变
B. 核仁形态的改变
C. 细胞质形态的改变
D. 细胞核形态的改变
E. 细胞形态的改变
【单选题】
细胞水肿发生的机理是
A. 内质网受损
B. 线粒体受损
C. 高尔基氏器受损
D. 核糖体受损
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【单选题】
细胞坏死时,具有标志性的改变是
A. 核溶解、胞质浓缩和胞膜破裂
B. 核碎裂、核膜破裂和核质浓缩
C. 核溶解、核质少和胞膜破裂
D. 核固缩、胞质浓缩和细胞膜皱缩
E. 核固缩、核碎裂和核溶解
【单选题】
子宫内膜增生症属于
A. 生理性增生
B. 代偿性增生
C. 内分泌性增生
D. 不典型增生
E. 肿瘤性增生
【单选题】
按组织再生能力的强弱来比较.下列各组的排列哪个是正确的
A. 结缔组织>神经细胞>肝细胞
B. 软骨>腱>肾小球
C. 骨>平滑肌>神经细胞
D. 鳞状上皮细胞>横纹肌>周围神经纤维
E. 肾小管上皮细胞>骨髓细胞>脂肪细胞
【单选题】
细胞萎缩在电镜下最显著的特点是:
A. 肌丝增多
B. 线粒体增多
C. 滑面内质网增多
D. 粗面内质网增多
E. 自噬泡增多
【单选题】
肝细胞一般不发生
A. 脂肪变
B. 细胞水肿
C. 玻璃样变
D. 黏液样变性
E. 糖原蓄积
【单选题】
关于脂肪变,下列哪一种说法不正确
A. 长期摄入脂肪过多可致心肌细胞脂肪变
B. 严重贫血可致心肌细胞脂肪变
C. 慢性肝淤血可致肝细胞脂肪变
D. 酒精中毒可致肝细胞脂肪变
E. 严重贫血可致肾小管上皮细胞脂肪变
【单选题】
组织损伤后由结缔组织增生来修补的过程称:
A. 再生
B. 增生
C. 化生
D. 机化
E. 不完全再生
【单选题】
严重的细胞水肿可导致下列哪种改变
A. 纤维素样坏死
B. 凝固性坏死
C. 溶解性坏死
D. 凋亡
E. 干酪样坏死
【单选题】
细胞水肿,电镜下的形态改变主要特点是
A. 线粒体嵴增多
B. 线粒体及内质网肿胀
C. 高尔基器多
D. 微绒毛增多
E. 溶酶体增大,增多
【单选题】
最易遭受化学毒性代谢产物损伤的器官是
A. 心
B. 肝
C. 脾
D. 肺
E. 肾
【单选题】
下列哪一种细胞器对缺氧最敏感
A. 线粒体
B. 溶酶体
C. 光面内质网
D. 高尔基器
E. 粗面内质网
【单选题】
下列组织对缺氧的耐受性依次为
A. 脑>肝>肾
B. 肾>肝>脑
C. 肝>脑>肾
D. 肝>肾>脑
E. 肾>脑>肝
【单选题】
病毒性肝炎时,肝细胞最易发生
A. 脂肪变
B. 玻璃样变
C. 细胞水肿及气球样变
D. 淀粉样变性
E. 黏液样变性
【单选题】
发生液化性坏死基本条件应包括
A. 含有较多的可凝固蛋白
B. 组织淤血较严重
C. 组织比较松软
D. 产生蛋白酶较多
E. 有腐败菌感染
【单选题】
细胞坏死过程中,胞核变小,染色质浓集,称为
A. 多倍体
B. 核分裂象
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E. 核溶解
【单选题】
可以发生坏疽的器官是
A. 肝
B. 肾
C. 胰
D. 阑尾
E. 脾
【单选题】
下列病变中不能根据肉眼所见确定坏死性质的是
A. 凝固性坏死
B. 纤维素样坏死
C. 脂肪坏死
D. 坏疽
E. 液化性坏死
【单选题】
凝固性坏死的特殊类型有
A. 坏疽与纤维蛋白样坏死
B. 坏疽与脂肪坏死
C. 干酪样坏死与坏疽
D. 纤维蛋白样坏死与干酪样坏死
E. 脂肪坏死与干酪样坏死
【单选题】
液化性坏死好发生于下列哪种器官
A. 脑
B. 心
C. 肝
D. 脾
E. 肺
【单选题】
脊髓的坏死属于
A. 凝固性坏死
B. 干酪样坏死
C. 液化性坏死
D. 纤维素样坏死
E. 脂肪坏死
【单选题】
常发生机化的病灶,下列哪项除外
A. 风湿性小体
B. 心肌梗死
C. 脑梗
D. 肠上皮细胞化生
E. 干酪样坏死
【单选题】
纤维素样坏死物质不见于下列哪种病变
A. 风湿病
B. 良性高血压
C. 系统性红斑狼疮
D. 类风湿性关节炎
E. 恶性高血压
【单选题】
急进型高血压时,细动脉壁内有细丝、颗粒状或凝集成片块状的嗜酸物质,其改变可能是
A. 玻璃样变
B. 淀粉样变
C. 黏液样变性
D. 纤维素样坏死
E. 干酪样坏死
【单选题】
关于凋亡叙述,下列哪项是错误的
A. 凋亡的发生与基因调节有关
B. 活体内单个细胞或小团细胞的死亡
C. 又称程序性细胞死亡
D. 细胞质膜破裂,核也碎裂
E. 不引起急性炎症反应
【单选题】
细胞缺氧.细胞膜受损.细胞内出现:
A. 钠多,钾多,水多
B. 钠少,钾多,水少
C. 钠多,钾少,水多
D. 钠多,钾少,水少
E. 钠少,钾多,水多
【单选题】
电镜下细胞凋亡的特征性改变是
A. 细胞皱缩
B. 胞浆致密
C. 染色质边集
D. 核碎裂
E. 凋亡小体形成
【单选题】
酶解性脂肪坏死时,若有大量脂肪酸的形成,常继发
A. 空洞形成
B. 窦道形成
C. 钙皂形成
D. 瘘管形成
E. 溃疡形成
【单选题】
凝固性坏死总体形态特点是
A. 呈灰黑色
B. 组织干酪样
C. 界限不清
D. 易并发感染
E. 原有组织结构、轮廓保存
【单选题】
肾结核时,坏死组织经自然管道排出后可形成
A. 糜烂
B. 窦道
C. 瘘管
D. 空洞
E. 溃疡
【单选题】
下列哪一种变化属于坏死的病理改变
A. 细胞体积肿大,胞浆内有红染颗粒
B. 细胞体积缩小,胞浆内有脂褐素颗粒
C. 细胞核膜破裂,染色质崩解为小碎片
D. 细胞核增大,细胞核的DNA含量增加
E. 细胞体积正常或稍大,出现双核
【单选题】
细胞坏死的改变是自溶性改变,其发生与下列哪种细胞器有关
A. 线粒体
B. 溶酶体
C. 粗面内质网
D. 高尔基器
E. 光面内质网
【单选题】
血液中淀粉酶大幅度升高,可考虑为
A. 肝细胞坏死
B. 脑液化性坏死
C. 胰腺坏死
D. 心肌梗死
E. 肾梗死
【单选题】
区别死后组织自溶与坏死,最可靠的根据是
A. 组织轮廓是否存在
B. 细胞内琥珀酸脱氢酶丧失程度
C. 电镜下细胞器破坏情况
D. 细胞核溶解消失情况
E. 病变周围有无炎症反应
【单选题】
凝固性坏死的组织学特点是
A. 红染无结构物质
B. 可见核碎片
C. 尚保留细胞、组织轮廓残影
D. 间质胶原纤维崩裂
E. 基质解聚
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