【简答题】
攻势已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。师长命令我们营夜晚绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击。然而，要绕到敌人后方，我们必须越过一片沼泽地。我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。我们营长决定冒下险。所幸由于寒冷天气沼泽地都结上了冰，我们于天亮前到达目的地并从敌人后方发起进攻。这一下扭转了战局。敌人没有戒备，不久便投降了。
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【简答题】
汽年自从发明以来使交通运输发生了草命性的变化，永远地改变了人们的生活、旅行和办事的方式。但另ー方面，也带来了危害，尤其是公路死亡事故。然而，现今由于计算机技术和电子传感器的使用，有可能消除发生的大多数交通事故。例如，装在你汽车上的电子传感器能检测到空气中的酒精雾汽并拒绝启动引擎。同样，传感器还能通过接受在轨道上运行的卫星发出的信号监测路况并大大减少你陷入交通拥堵的可能性。
【简答题】
常言道，好的开端是成功的一半。在求职时，求职者事先做好充分的准备是非常重要的。我认为，事先做不做准备显然会影响求职者的成功机会。
我的一位朋友在一家大型计算机软件公司供职，年薪十万美元左右。他根据自己的经历告诉我说，那些面试未来雇员的具有录用决定权的人喜欢有充分准备的人。那些没有在了解未来雇主方面尽全力的人很难有成功的希望。
【简答题】
全球化对中国年轻人具有重大影响。例如，年轻的农民正在大规模流向城市寻找工作。而对那些想出国深造或进外企工作的年轻人来说，英语变得越来越重要。另一方面，许多海外学子近年来回归祖国，因为他们看好中国经济的长期增长前景。因特网加强了中国年轻人和其他地方年轻人的联系。他们跟踪最新的潮流，模仿外国的时尚。他们中一些人似乎不在乎中国的传统美德，更不要说发扬光大，这使得有人忧虑中国传统文化会不会有一天终将消失。
【简答题】
就我来说，我发现外表往往是靠不住的。譬如，要是你仅凭外表去判断诸如爱德华・海德・伯顿这样的人，你就错了。外表上，伯顿像是个表里一致的人。他个子很小，满头白发，有着一双温和、蔚蓝的眼睛，文雅且坦率。然而，他原来却是十分的残忍。他侮辱和愚弄穷困潦倒的伦尼，让他去做那样的蠢事。更让人吃惊的是，他对伦尼的死全然冷漠无情。毫无疑问，他是个铁石心肠的家伙。
【简答题】
They say that pride comes before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand in their way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong.
【简答题】
In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.
【简答题】
In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.
【简答题】
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
【简答题】
Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
【简答题】
In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter?
【简答题】
Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
【简答题】
Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
【简答题】
Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
【简答题】
The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
【简答题】
As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
【简答题】
Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
【简答题】
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east of Hitler's German empire was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use the blitzkrieg, or "lightning war," tactics that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had three broad thrusts: against Leningrad and Moscow and through the Ukraine.
【简答题】
Caught off guard by the invasion, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin instructed the Russian people to "scorch the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories were burned, destroyed, or rendered useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion, the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered more than a million casualties.
【简答题】
In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad dragged on into winter, the city's situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941-1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.
【简答题】
In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of the Germans' lightning attack.
【简答题】
As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive to a halt.
【简答题】
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new offensives. In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
【简答题】
In November 1942, the Russians launched a counterattack. With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
【简答题】
During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army broke the three-year siege of Leningrad with a surprise attack on January 15, 1944. Within two weeks, the heroic survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By March 1944, the Ukraine farming region was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for Berlin.
【简答题】
For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it brought unspeakable suffering. The total Soviet dead in World War II reached almost 23 million.
【简答题】
The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler both underestimated the severity of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures took their toll on both invading armies. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender.
【单选题】
病媒生物的死体样本运送，如果4h-24h内能到达实验室的，应将样品置于-30℃冷冻后再送样，运送过程中箱内温度应保持在________。___
A. 4℃以下
B. 0℃以下
C. -20℃以下
D. 4℃以上
【单选题】
对于用作虫媒病毒分离或检测的蚊类标本，现场采集后应采用_______方式处置和运送。___
A. 杀虫剂熏杀+常温运输
B. 等蚊虫自然死亡+常温运输
C. 冷冻处死+常温运输
D. 冷冻处死+冷冻状态运输
【单选题】
截获输入性活鼠或来自鼠疫流行区死鼠及经总署专家组确认和复核属于全国口岸首次截获的病媒生物应在______报告总署。___
A. 2小时之内
B. 8小时之内
C. 12小时之内
D. 24小时之内
【单选题】
入境船舶的蚊类和蝇类等双翅目病媒生物监测调查应白天在检疫锚地停泊期间进行，锚位距陆地距离不少于______，或在船舶靠泊后_____内进行。___
A. 1000 m；1h
B. 800 m、2 h
C. 400 m、4 h
D. 100 m、24 h
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【判断题】
《安全生产法》第二十五条规定，劳务派遣单位应当对被派遣劳动者进行必要的安全生产教育和培训。生产经营单位使用被派遣劳动者的，不必对被派遣劳动者进行岗位安全操作规程和安全操作技能的教育和培训。[1分]
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
《安全生产法》第四十五条规定，两个以上生产经营单位在同一作业区域内进行生产经营活动，可能危及对方生产安全的，应当签订安全生产管理协议，明确各自的安全生产管理职责和应当采取的安全措施，并指定专职安全生产管理人员进行安全检查与协调。[1分]
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
《安全生产法》第二条规定，有关法律、行政法规对消防安全和道路交通安全、铁路交通安全、水上交通安全、民用航空安全以及核与辐射安全、特种设备安全另有规定的，适用其规定。[1分]
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
《职业病防治法》第二十条规定，用人单位应当采取下列职业病防治管理措施：设置或者指定职业卫生管理机构或者组织，配备专职或者兼职的职业卫生管理人员，负责本单位的职业病防治工作。[1分]
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
《安全生产法》第三十一条规定，生产、使用、储存危险物品的建设项目竣工投入生产或者使用前，应当由建设单位负责组织对安全设施进行验收；验收合格后，方可投入生产和使用。[1分]
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
《安全生产法》第四十九条规定，企业与从业人员订立的劳动合同，应当载明有关保障从业人员劳动安全、防止职业危害的事项，以及依法为从业人员办理工伤保险的事项。[1分]
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
《职业病防治法》第六十一条规定，用人单位已经不存在或者无法确认劳动关系的职业病病人，可以向地方人民政府医疗保障、民政部门申请医疗救助和生活等方面的救助。[1分]
A. 对
B. 错
【单选题】
对职业病防护设备、应急救援设施和个人使用的职业病防护用品，用人单位应当进行经常性的维护、检修，定期检测其性能和效果，确保其处于正常状态，不得擅自( )或者停止使用。[1分] ___
A. 拆除
B. 关闭
C. 停用 正确答案：A
【单选题】
管道企业发生管道事故 ,未采取有效措施消除或者减轻事故危害的 ,由县级以上地方人民政府主管管道保护工作的部门责令限期整改 ;逾期不改正的 ,处( )以上( )以下的罚款。[1分] ___
A. 二万 十万
B. 一万 五万
C. 二万 五万
D. 一万 十万
【单选题】
采用移动、切割、打孔、砸撬、拆卸等手段损坏管道或者盗窃、哄抢管道输送、泄漏、排放的石油、天然气 ,尚不构成犯罪的 ,依法给予什么处罚 ?( )[1分] ___
A. 行政处罚
B. 治安管理处罚
C. 刑事处罚
D. 民事赔偿
【单选题】
《安全生产法》第七十五条规定，负有安全生产监督管理职责的部门应当记录生产经营单位的安全生产违法行为信息，对违法行为情节严重的，可以向社会公示并通报行业主管部门以及投资、国土、证券监管等部门和有关（ ）。[1分] ___
A. 人事管理部门
B. 金融机构
C. 行业组织
D. 协会
【单选题】
根据《石油天然气管道保护法》的规定 ,管道企业应当自管道竣工验收合格之日起 ( ),将竣工量图报管道所在地县级以上地方人民政府主管管道保护工作的部门备案。[1分] ___
A. 三十日内
B. 六十日内日
C. 四十日内
D. 十日内日
【单选题】
《安全生产法》第一百零三条规定，生产经营单位与从业人员订立协议，免除或者减轻其对从业人员因生产安全事故伤亡依法应承担的责任的，该协议无效; 对生产经营单位( )。[1分] ___
A. 责令停止生产
B. 责令停产整顿
C. 责令限期改正
D. 主要负责人、个人经营的投资人给予罚款处罚
【单选题】
在油区发现盗油车辆可以予以扣押 ,以下做法正确的是 ( )[1分] ___
A. 对查获后的盗油车辆制作扣押清单
B. 在扣押后 ,对管线打眼盗油案件须立即向相关公安机关报案
C. 扣押单位及时向公安机关移交扣押车辆
D. 以上说法均正确
【单选题】
高后果区内开展管道维修活动或存在第三方施工的情况时，应布置（ ），实时监控施工现状。[1分] ___
A. 无人机
B. 布控球
C. 远程布控球监控视频
D. GPS定位仪器
【单选题】
石油天然气管道防护方案或者改线方案应当经专家评审论证后，报管道所在地县（市、区）发展和改革主管部门批准；涉及的管道跨设区的市的，报（）批准。[1分] ___
A. 设区的市发展和改革主管部门
B. 省住房和城乡建设主管部门
C. 省发展和改革（能源）主管部门
D. 省国土资源厅
【单选题】
根据国家《环境保护法》的规定 ,因环境污染损害赔偿提起诉讼的时效期间为( )年,从当事人知道或者应当知道受到污染损害起时计算。[1分] ___
A. 一年
B. 两年
C. 三年
D. 四年
【单选题】
《安全生产法》第十九条规定，生产经营单位应当建立相应的机制，加强对安全生产责任制落实情况的( )，保证安全生产责任制的落实。[1分] ___
A. 综合管理
B. 监督考核
C. 监督管理
D. 综合监督管理
【单选题】
《职业病防治法》所称职业病，是指企业、事业单位和个体经济组织等用人单位的劳动者在职业活动中，因接触粉尘、（ ）和其他有毒、有害因素而引起的疾病。[1分] ___
A. 煤尘
B. 烟尘
C. 放射性物质 正确答案：C
【单选题】
在穿越河流的管道线路中心线两侧各( )地域范围内 ,禁止抛锚、拖锚、挖砂、挖泥、采石、水下爆破。但是 ,在保障管道安全的条件下 ,为防洪和航道通畅而进行的养护疏浚作业除外。[1分] ___
A. 一百米
B. 五百米
C. 一千米
D. 五十米
【单选题】
新建、扩建、改建建设项目和技术改造、技术引进项目（以下统称建设项目）可能产生职业病危害的，( )在可行性论证阶段应当进行职业病危害预评价。[1分] ___
A. 建设单位
B. 安全生产监督管理部门
C. 卫生监督管理部门 正确答案：A
【单选题】
参加工作人员未按工作票内容、检修工艺、检修范围及注意事项或与进行工作无关的其他工作者，则考核（ ）。[1分] ___
A. 工作票签发人
B. 工作负责人
C. 当班调度员
D. 工作许可人
【单选题】
《职业病防治法》第五条规定，用人单位应当建立、健全职业病防治（ ），加强对职业病防治的管理，提高职业病防治水平，对本单位产生的职业病危害承担责任。[1分] ___
A. 目标、指标
B. 责任制
C. 责任性 正确答案：B
